pub trait Default: Sized {
// Required method
fn default() -> Self;
}
prelude_2024
)Expand description
A trait for giving a type a useful default value.
Sometimes, you want to fall back to some kind of default value, and
donโt particularly care what it is. This comes up often with struct
s
that define a set of options:
struct SomeOptions {
foo: i32,
bar: f32,
}
How can we define some default values? You can use Default
:
#[derive(Default)]
struct SomeOptions {
foo: i32,
bar: f32,
}
fn main() {
let options: SomeOptions = Default::default();
}
Now, you get all of the default values. Rust implements Default
for various primitives types.
If you want to override a particular option, but still retain the other defaults:
fn main() {
let options = SomeOptions { foo: 42, ..Default::default() };
}
ยงDerivable
This trait can be used with #[derive]
if all of the typeโs fields implement
Default
. When derive
d, it will use the default value for each fieldโs type.
ยงenum
s
When using #[derive(Default)]
on an enum
, you need to choose which unit variant will be
default. You do this by placing the #[default]
attribute on the variant.
#[derive(Default)]
enum Kind {
#[default]
A,
B,
C,
}
You cannot use the #[default]
attribute on non-unit or non-exhaustive variants.
The #[default]
attribute was stabilized in Rust 1.62.0.
ยงHow can I implement Default
?
Provide an implementation for the default()
method that returns the value of
your type that should be the default:
enum Kind {
A,
B,
C,
}
impl Default for Kind {
fn default() -> Self { Kind::A }
}
ยงExamples
#[derive(Default)]
struct SomeOptions {
foo: i32,
bar: f32,
}
Required Methodsยง
sourcefn default() -> Self
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (prelude_2024
)
fn default() -> Self
prelude_2024
)Returns the โdefault valueโ for a type.
Default values are often some kind of initial value, identity value, or anything else that may make sense as a default.
ยงExamples
Using built-in default values:
let i: i8 = Default::default();
let (x, y): (Option<String>, f64) = Default::default();
let (a, b, (c, d)): (i32, u32, (bool, bool)) = Default::default();
Making your own:
enum Kind {
A,
B,
C,
}
impl Default for Kind {
fn default() -> Self { Kind::A }
}
Dyn Compatibilityยง
This trait is not dyn compatible.
In older versions of Rust, dyn compatibility was called "object safety", so this trait is not object safe.
Implementorsยง
impl Default for &str
impl Default for &CStr
impl Default for &OsStr
impl Default for &mut str
impl Default for MemoryInitialization
impl Default for AsciiChar
impl Default for bool
impl Default for char
impl Default for f16
impl Default for f32
impl Default for f64
impl Default for f128
impl Default for i8
impl Default for i16
impl Default for i32
impl Default for i64
impl Default for i128
impl Default for isize
impl Default for u8
impl Default for u16
impl Default for u32
impl Default for u64
impl Default for u128
impl Default for ()
impl Default for usize
impl Default for ComponentDfg
impl Default for CanonicalAbiInfo
impl Default for wasmtime_environ::component::Component
impl Default for ComponentTypes
impl Default for ResourcesBuilder
impl Default for TypeComponent
impl Default for TypeComponentInstance
impl Default for TypeModule
impl Default for DrcTypeLayouts
impl Default for NullTypeLayouts
impl Default for Box<str>
impl Default for Box<CStr>
impl Default for Box<OsStr>
impl Default for String
impl Default for AddressMapSection
impl Default for ConfigTunables
impl Default for FilePos
impl Default for wasmtime_environ::Module
impl Default for ModuleTypes
impl Default for TableInitialization
impl Default for TrapEncodingBuilder
impl Default for WasmFileInfo
impl Default for WasmFunctionInfo
impl Default for Error
impl Default for SipHasher
impl Default for PhantomPinned
impl Default for Alignment
Returns Alignment::MIN
, which is valid for any type.
impl Default for RangeFull
impl Default for AtomicBool
impl Default for AtomicI8
impl Default for AtomicI16
impl Default for AtomicI32
impl Default for AtomicI64
impl Default for AtomicIsize
impl Default for AtomicU8
impl Default for AtomicU16
impl Default for AtomicU32
impl Default for AtomicU64
impl Default for AtomicUsize
impl Default for Duration
impl Default for Global
impl Default for CString
impl Default for Rc<str>
impl Default for Rc<CStr>
impl Default for Arc<str>
impl Default for Arc<CStr>
impl Default for System
impl Default for OsString
impl Default for FileTimes
impl Default for DefaultHasher
impl Default for std::hash::random::RandomState
impl Default for std::io::util::Empty
impl Default for Sink
impl Default for PathBuf
impl Default for ExitCode
The default value is ExitCode::SUCCESS
impl Default for ExitStatus
The default value is one which indicates successful completion.
impl Default for DefaultRandomSource
impl Default for Condvar
impl Default for anyhow::Chain<'_>
impl Default for BuildMetadata
impl Default for Prerelease
impl Default for VersionReq
The default VersionReq is the same as VersionReq::STAR
.
impl Default for IgnoredAny
impl Default for AHasher
Provides a default Hasher with fixed keys. This is typically used in conjunction with BuildHasherDefault to create [AHasher]s in order to hash the keys of the map.
Generally it is preferable to use [RandomState] instead, so that different hashmaps will have different keys. However if fixed keys are desirable this may be used instead.
ยงExample
use std::hash::BuildHasherDefault;
use ahash::{AHasher, RandomState};
use std::collections::HashMap;
let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32, BuildHasherDefault<AHasher>> = HashMap::default();
map.insert(12, 34);
impl Default for Abbreviations
impl Default for AbbreviationsCache
impl Default for AllocVec
impl Default for Augmentation
impl Default for AuxSymbolSection
impl Default for BaseAddresses
impl Default for BigEndian
impl Default for BigEndian
impl Default for BranchHints
impl Default for CanonicalFunctionSection
impl Default for Class
impl Default for CodeSection
impl Default for ColorChoice
The default is Auto
.
impl Default for ColorSpec
impl Default for Component
impl Default for ComponentAliasSection
impl Default for ComponentBuilder
impl Default for ComponentExportSection
impl Default for ComponentImportSection
impl Default for ComponentInstanceSection
impl Default for ComponentNameSection
impl Default for ComponentType
impl Default for ComponentTypeSection
impl Default for CompoundBitSet
impl Default for Config
impl Default for CoreDumpSection
impl Default for CoreDumpStackSection
impl Default for CoreTypeSection
impl Default for CvQualifiers
impl Default for DataSection
impl Default for DebugInfoOffsets
impl Default for DefaultToHost
impl Default for DefaultToUnknown
impl Default for DemangleOptions
impl Default for Dwarf
impl Default for DwarfFileType
impl Default for ElementSection
impl Default for EncoderState
impl Default for Endianness
impl Default for ExportSection
impl Default for Expression
impl Default for FileHeader
impl Default for FileInfo
impl Default for FinderBuilder
impl Default for FrameTable
impl Default for FuncValidatorAllocations
impl Default for FunctionSection
impl Default for GlobalSection
impl Default for Hasher
impl Default for ImageSectionHeader
impl Default for ImportSection
impl Default for IndirectNameMap
impl Default for InstanceSection
impl Default for InstanceType
impl Default for LineEncoding
impl Default for LineStringTable
impl Default for LinkingSection
impl Default for LittleEndian
impl Default for LittleEndian
impl Default for LocationListTable
impl Default for MachOBuildVersion
impl Default for MemorySection
impl Default for Module
impl Default for ModuleType
impl Default for Name
impl Default for NameMap
impl Default for NameSection
impl Default for OnceBool
impl Default for OnceNonZeroUsize
impl Default for ParseOptions
impl Default for Parser
impl Default for Pointer
impl Default for Prefilter
impl Default for ProducersField
impl Default for ProducersSection
impl Default for RandomState
impl Default for RangeListTable
impl Default for Relocation
impl Default for Relocation
impl Default for RelocationMap
impl Default for RelocationSections
impl Default for Remapping
impl Default for RunTimeEndian
impl Default for SectionBaseAddresses
impl Default for SectionHeader
impl Default for SectionIndex
impl Default for SectionRange
impl Default for SegmentFlags
impl Default for Size
impl Default for StringTable
impl Default for Symbol
impl Default for SymbolFlags
impl Default for SymbolIndex
impl Default for SymbolTable
impl Default for TableSection
impl Default for TagSection
impl Default for TypeSection
impl Default for UnitTable
impl Default for Validator
impl Default for ValidatorId
impl Default for VersionIndex
impl Default for WasmFeatures
impl<'a> Default for DebugInfoData<'a>
impl<'a> Default for wasmtime_environ::NameSection<'a>
impl<'a> Default for MetadataBuilder<'a>
impl<'a> Default for RecordBuilder<'a>
impl<'a, K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::Iter<'a, K, V>where
K: 'a,
V: 'a,
impl<'a, K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::IterMut<'a, K, V>where
K: 'a,
V: 'a,
impl<'a, T> Default for OnceRef<'a, T>
impl<'data> Default for ModuleTranslation<'data>
impl<'data> Default for Bytes<'data>
impl<'data> Default for ObjectMap<'data>
impl<'data> Default for ObjectMapEntry<'data>
impl<'data> Default for RelocationBlockIterator<'data>
impl<'data> Default for SectionTable<'data>
impl<'data> Default for Version<'data>
impl<'data, E> Default for LoadCommandIterator<'data, E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<'data, Elf> Default for VersionTable<'data, Elf>where
Elf: FileHeader,
impl<'data, Elf, R> Default for SectionTable<'data, Elf, R>where
Elf: FileHeader,
R: ReadRef<'data>,
impl<'data, Elf, R> Default for SymbolTable<'data, Elf, R>where
Elf: FileHeader,
R: ReadRef<'data>,
impl<'data, Mach, R> Default for SymbolTable<'data, Mach, R>where
Mach: MachHeader,
R: ReadRef<'data>,
impl<'data, R> Default for StringTable<'data, R>where
R: ReadRef<'data>,
impl<'data, R, Coff> Default for SymbolTable<'data, R, Coff>where
R: ReadRef<'data>,
Coff: CoffHeader,
impl<'data, Xcoff> Default for SectionTable<'data, Xcoff>where
Xcoff: FileHeader,
impl<'data, Xcoff, R> Default for SymbolTable<'data, Xcoff, R>where
Xcoff: FileHeader,
R: ReadRef<'data>,
impl<'input, Endian> Default for EndianSlice<'input, Endian>where
Endian: Default + Endianity,
impl<A> Default for SmallVec<A>where
A: Array,
impl<A, B> Default for wasmtime_environ::__core::iter::Chain<A, B>
impl<B> Default for Cow<'_, B>
impl<E> Default for CompressionHeader32<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for CompressionHeader64<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I16<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I16Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I32<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I32Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I64<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for I64Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for Sym32<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for Sym64<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U16<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U16Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U32<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U32Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U64<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<E> Default for U64Bytes<E>where
E: Default + Endian,
impl<H> Default for BuildHasherDefault<H>
impl<I> Default for Cloned<I>where
I: Default,
impl<I> Default for Copied<I>where
I: Default,
impl<I> Default for Enumerate<I>where
I: Default,
impl<I> Default for Flatten<I>
impl<I> Default for Fuse<I>where
I: Default,
impl<I> Default for Rev<I>where
I: Default,
impl<Idx> Default for wasmtime_environ::__core::range::legacy::Range<Idx>where
Idx: Default,
impl<Idx> Default for wasmtime_environ::__core::range::Range<Idx>where
Idx: Default,
impl<K> Default for EntitySet<K>where
K: EntityRef,
impl<K> Default for std::collections::hash::set::IntoIter<K>
impl<K> Default for std::collections::hash::set::Iter<'_, K>
impl<K, V> Default for &Slice<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for &mut Slice<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for wasmtime_environ::component::NameMap<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for Box<Slice<K, V>>
impl<K, V> Default for wasmtime_environ::prelude::IndexMap<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for PrimaryMap<K, V>where
K: EntityRef,
impl<K, V> Default for SecondaryMap<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for BTreeMap<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::Keys<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::Range<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for RangeMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::Values<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::ValuesMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::IntoIter<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::IntoKeys<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::IntoValues<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::Iter<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::IterMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::Keys<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::Values<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for std::collections::hash::map::ValuesMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for IntoIter<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for IntoKeys<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for IntoValues<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for Iter<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for IterMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for Keys<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for Map<K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for Values<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V> Default for ValuesMut<'_, K, V>
impl<K, V, A> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::IntoIter<K, V, A>
impl<K, V, A> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::IntoKeys<K, V, A>
impl<K, V, A> Default for alloc::collections::btree::map::IntoValues<K, V, A>
impl<K, V, S> Default for std::collections::hash::map::HashMap<K, V, S>where
S: Default,
impl<K, V, S> Default for IndexMap<K, V, S>where
S: Default,
impl<K, V, S, A> Default for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
impl<K: EntityRef, V> Default for Intern<K, V>
impl<R> Default for DebugAbbrev<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugAddr<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugAranges<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugCuIndex<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugInfo<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugLine<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugLineStr<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugLoc<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugLocLists<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugRanges<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugRngLists<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugStr<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugStrOffsets<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugTuIndex<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for DebugTypes<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for Dwarf<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for LocationLists<R>where
R: Default,
impl<R> Default for RangeIter<R>where
R: Reader,
impl<R> Default for RangeLists<R>where
R: Default,
impl<T> Default for &[T]
impl<T> Default for &Slice<T>
impl<T> Default for &mut [T]
impl<T> Default for Option<T>
impl<T> Default for [T; 0]
impl<T> Default for [T; 1]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 2]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 3]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 4]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 5]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 6]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 7]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 8]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 9]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 10]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 11]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 12]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 13]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 14]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 15]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 16]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 17]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 18]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 19]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 20]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 21]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 22]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 23]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 24]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 25]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 26]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 27]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 28]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 29]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 30]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 31]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for [T; 32]where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for (Tโ, Tโ, โฆ, Tโ)where
T: Default,
This trait is implemented for tuples up to twelve items long.
impl<T> Default for PackedOption<T>where
T: ReservedValue,
impl<T> Default for Box<[T]>
impl<T> Default for Box<Slice<T>>
impl<T> Default for Box<T>where
T: Default,
impl<T> Default for wasmtime_environ::prelude::IndexSet<T>
impl<T> Default for Vec<T>
impl<T> Default for EntityList<T>where
T: EntityRef + ReservedValue,
Create an empty list.