wasmtime_cli_flags/
lib.rs

1//! Contains the common Wasmtime command line interface (CLI) flags.
2
3use anyhow::{Context, Result};
4use clap::Parser;
5use serde::Deserialize;
6use std::{
7    fmt, fs,
8    path::{Path, PathBuf},
9    time::Duration,
10};
11use wasmtime::Config;
12
13pub mod opt;
14
15#[cfg(feature = "logging")]
16fn init_file_per_thread_logger(prefix: &'static str) {
17    file_per_thread_logger::initialize(prefix);
18    file_per_thread_logger::allow_uninitialized();
19
20    // Extending behavior of default spawner:
21    // https://docs.rs/rayon/1.1.0/rayon/struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.spawn_handler
22    // Source code says DefaultSpawner is implementation detail and
23    // shouldn't be used directly.
24    #[cfg(feature = "parallel-compilation")]
25    rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new()
26        .spawn_handler(move |thread| {
27            let mut b = std::thread::Builder::new();
28            if let Some(name) = thread.name() {
29                b = b.name(name.to_owned());
30            }
31            if let Some(stack_size) = thread.stack_size() {
32                b = b.stack_size(stack_size);
33            }
34            b.spawn(move || {
35                file_per_thread_logger::initialize(prefix);
36                thread.run()
37            })?;
38            Ok(())
39        })
40        .build_global()
41        .unwrap();
42}
43
44wasmtime_option_group! {
45    #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
46    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
47    pub struct OptimizeOptions {
48        /// Optimization level of generated code (0-2, s; default: 2)
49        #[serde(default)]
50        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
51        pub opt_level: Option<wasmtime::OptLevel>,
52
53        /// Register allocator algorithm choice.
54        #[serde(default)]
55        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
56        pub regalloc_algorithm: Option<wasmtime::RegallocAlgorithm>,
57
58        /// Do not allow Wasm linear memories to move in the host process's
59        /// address space.
60        pub memory_may_move: Option<bool>,
61
62        /// Initial virtual memory allocation size for memories.
63        pub memory_reservation: Option<u64>,
64
65        /// Bytes to reserve at the end of linear memory for growth into.
66        pub memory_reservation_for_growth: Option<u64>,
67
68        /// Size, in bytes, of guard pages for linear memories.
69        pub memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
70
71        /// Indicates whether an unmapped region of memory is placed before all
72        /// linear memories.
73        pub guard_before_linear_memory: Option<bool>,
74
75        /// Whether to initialize tables lazily, so that instantiation is
76        /// fast but indirect calls are a little slower. If no, tables are
77        /// initialized eagerly from any active element segments that apply to
78        /// them during instantiation. (default: yes)
79        pub table_lazy_init: Option<bool>,
80
81        /// Enable the pooling allocator, in place of the on-demand allocator.
82        pub pooling_allocator: Option<bool>,
83
84        /// The number of decommits to do per batch. A batch size of 1
85        /// effectively disables decommit batching. (default: 1)
86        pub pooling_decommit_batch_size: Option<usize>,
87
88        /// How many bytes to keep resident between instantiations for the
89        /// pooling allocator in linear memories.
90        pub pooling_memory_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
91
92        /// How many bytes to keep resident between instantiations for the
93        /// pooling allocator in tables.
94        pub pooling_table_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
95
96        /// Enable memory protection keys for the pooling allocator; this can
97        /// optimize the size of memory slots.
98        #[serde(default)]
99        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
100        pub pooling_memory_protection_keys: Option<wasmtime::Enabled>,
101
102        /// Sets an upper limit on how many memory protection keys (MPK) Wasmtime
103        /// will use. (default: 16)
104        pub pooling_max_memory_protection_keys: Option<usize>,
105
106        /// Configure attempting to initialize linear memory via a
107        /// copy-on-write mapping (default: yes)
108        pub memory_init_cow: Option<bool>,
109
110        /// Threshold below which CoW images are guaranteed to be used and be
111        /// dense.
112        pub memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size: Option<u64>,
113
114        /// The maximum number of WebAssembly instances which can be created
115        /// with the pooling allocator.
116        pub pooling_total_core_instances: Option<u32>,
117
118        /// The maximum number of WebAssembly components which can be created
119        /// with the pooling allocator.
120        pub pooling_total_component_instances: Option<u32>,
121
122        /// The maximum number of WebAssembly memories which can be created with
123        /// the pooling allocator.
124        pub pooling_total_memories: Option<u32>,
125
126        /// The maximum number of WebAssembly tables which can be created with
127        /// the pooling allocator.
128        pub pooling_total_tables: Option<u32>,
129
130        /// The maximum number of WebAssembly stacks which can be created with
131        /// the pooling allocator.
132        pub pooling_total_stacks: Option<u32>,
133
134        /// The maximum runtime size of each linear memory in the pooling
135        /// allocator, in bytes.
136        pub pooling_max_memory_size: Option<usize>,
137
138        /// The maximum table elements for any table defined in a module when
139        /// using the pooling allocator.
140        pub pooling_table_elements: Option<usize>,
141
142        /// The maximum size, in bytes, allocated for a core instance's metadata
143        /// when using the pooling allocator.
144        pub pooling_max_core_instance_size: Option<usize>,
145
146        /// Configures the maximum number of "unused warm slots" to retain in the
147        /// pooling allocator. (default: 100)
148        pub pooling_max_unused_warm_slots: Option<u32>,
149
150        /// How much memory, in bytes, to keep resident for async stacks allocated
151        /// with the pooling allocator. (default: 0)
152        pub pooling_async_stack_keep_resident: Option<usize>,
153
154        /// The maximum size, in bytes, allocated for a component instance's
155        /// `VMComponentContext` metadata. (default: 1MiB)
156        pub pooling_max_component_instance_size: Option<usize>,
157
158        /// The maximum number of core instances a single component may contain
159        /// (default is unlimited).
160        pub pooling_max_core_instances_per_component: Option<u32>,
161
162        /// The maximum number of Wasm linear memories that a single component may
163        /// transitively contain (default is unlimited).
164        pub pooling_max_memories_per_component: Option<u32>,
165
166        /// The maximum number of tables that a single component may transitively
167        /// contain (default is unlimited).
168        pub pooling_max_tables_per_component: Option<u32>,
169
170        /// The maximum number of defined tables for a core module. (default: 1)
171        pub pooling_max_tables_per_module: Option<u32>,
172
173        /// The maximum number of defined linear memories for a module. (default: 1)
174        pub pooling_max_memories_per_module: Option<u32>,
175
176        /// The maximum number of concurrent GC heaps supported. (default: 1000)
177        pub pooling_total_gc_heaps: Option<u32>,
178
179        /// Enable or disable the use of host signal handlers for traps.
180        pub signals_based_traps: Option<bool>,
181
182        /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-guard-size=N` instead.
183        pub dynamic_memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
184
185        /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-guard-size=N` instead.
186        pub static_memory_guard_size: Option<u64>,
187
188        /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-may-move` instead.
189        pub static_memory_forced: Option<bool>,
190
191        /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-reservation=N` instead.
192        pub static_memory_maximum_size: Option<u64>,
193
194        /// DEPRECATED: Use `-Cmemory-reservation-for-growth=N` instead.
195        pub dynamic_memory_reserved_for_growth: Option<u64>,
196
197        /// Whether or not `PAGEMAP_SCAN` ioctls are used to reset linear
198        /// memory.
199        #[serde(default)]
200        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
201        pub pooling_pagemap_scan: Option<wasmtime::Enabled>,
202    }
203
204    enum Optimize {
205        ...
206    }
207}
208
209wasmtime_option_group! {
210    #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
211    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
212    pub struct CodegenOptions {
213        /// Either `cranelift` or `winch`.
214        ///
215        /// Currently only `cranelift` and `winch` are supported, but not all
216        /// builds of Wasmtime have both built in.
217        #[serde(default)]
218        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
219        pub compiler: Option<wasmtime::Strategy>,
220        /// Which garbage collector to use: `drc` or `null`.
221        ///
222        /// `drc` is the deferred reference-counting collector.
223        ///
224        /// `null` is the null garbage collector, which does not collect any
225        /// garbage.
226        ///
227        /// Note that not all builds of Wasmtime will have support for garbage
228        /// collection included.
229        #[serde(default)]
230        #[serde(deserialize_with = "crate::opt::cli_parse_wrapper")]
231        pub collector: Option<wasmtime::Collector>,
232        /// Enable Cranelift's internal debug verifier (expensive)
233        pub cranelift_debug_verifier: Option<bool>,
234        /// Whether or not to enable caching of compiled modules.
235        pub cache: Option<bool>,
236        /// Configuration for compiled module caching.
237        pub cache_config: Option<String>,
238        /// Whether or not to enable parallel compilation of modules.
239        pub parallel_compilation: Option<bool>,
240        /// Whether to enable proof-carrying code (PCC)-based validation.
241        pub pcc: Option<bool>,
242        /// Controls whether native unwind information is present in compiled
243        /// object files.
244        pub native_unwind_info: Option<bool>,
245
246        /// Whether to perform function inlining during compilation.
247        pub inlining: Option<bool>,
248
249        #[prefixed = "cranelift"]
250        #[serde(default)]
251        /// Set a cranelift-specific option. Use `wasmtime settings` to see
252        /// all.
253        pub cranelift: Vec<(String, Option<String>)>,
254    }
255
256    enum Codegen {
257        ...
258    }
259}
260
261wasmtime_option_group! {
262    #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
263    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
264    pub struct DebugOptions {
265        /// Enable generation of DWARF debug information in compiled code.
266        pub debug_info: Option<bool>,
267        /// Enable guest debugging insrumentation.
268        pub guest_debug: Option<bool>,
269        /// Configure whether compiled code can map native addresses to wasm.
270        pub address_map: Option<bool>,
271        /// Configure whether logging is enabled.
272        pub logging: Option<bool>,
273        /// Configure whether logs are emitted to files
274        pub log_to_files: Option<bool>,
275        /// Enable coredump generation to this file after a WebAssembly trap.
276        pub coredump: Option<String>,
277    }
278
279    enum Debug {
280        ...
281    }
282}
283
284wasmtime_option_group! {
285    #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
286    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
287    pub struct WasmOptions {
288        /// Enable canonicalization of all NaN values.
289        pub nan_canonicalization: Option<bool>,
290        /// Enable execution fuel with N units fuel, trapping after running out
291        /// of fuel.
292        ///
293        /// Most WebAssembly instructions consume 1 unit of fuel. Some
294        /// instructions, such as `nop`, `drop`, `block`, and `loop`, consume 0
295        /// units, as any execution cost associated with them involves other
296        /// instructions which do consume fuel.
297        pub fuel: Option<u64>,
298        /// Yield when a global epoch counter changes, allowing for async
299        /// operation without blocking the executor.
300        pub epoch_interruption: Option<bool>,
301        /// Maximum stack size, in bytes, that wasm is allowed to consume before a
302        /// stack overflow is reported.
303        pub max_wasm_stack: Option<usize>,
304        /// Stack size, in bytes, that will be allocated for async stacks.
305        ///
306        /// Note that this must be larger than `max-wasm-stack` and the
307        /// difference between the two is how much stack the host has to execute
308        /// on.
309        pub async_stack_size: Option<usize>,
310        /// Configures whether or not stacks used for async futures are zeroed
311        /// before (re)use as a defense-in-depth mechanism. (default: false)
312        pub async_stack_zeroing: Option<bool>,
313        /// Allow unknown exports when running commands.
314        pub unknown_exports_allow: Option<bool>,
315        /// Allow the main module to import unknown functions, using an
316        /// implementation that immediately traps, when running commands.
317        pub unknown_imports_trap: Option<bool>,
318        /// Allow the main module to import unknown functions, using an
319        /// implementation that returns default values, when running commands.
320        pub unknown_imports_default: Option<bool>,
321        /// Enables memory error checking. (see wmemcheck.md for more info)
322        pub wmemcheck: Option<bool>,
323        /// Maximum size, in bytes, that a linear memory is allowed to reach.
324        ///
325        /// Growth beyond this limit will cause `memory.grow` instructions in
326        /// WebAssembly modules to return -1 and fail.
327        pub max_memory_size: Option<usize>,
328        /// Maximum size, in table elements, that a table is allowed to reach.
329        pub max_table_elements: Option<usize>,
330        /// Maximum number of WebAssembly instances allowed to be created.
331        pub max_instances: Option<usize>,
332        /// Maximum number of WebAssembly tables allowed to be created.
333        pub max_tables: Option<usize>,
334        /// Maximum number of WebAssembly linear memories allowed to be created.
335        pub max_memories: Option<usize>,
336        /// Force a trap to be raised on `memory.grow` and `table.grow` failure
337        /// instead of returning -1 from these instructions.
338        ///
339        /// This is not necessarily a spec-compliant option to enable but can be
340        /// useful for tracking down a backtrace of what is requesting so much
341        /// memory, for example.
342        pub trap_on_grow_failure: Option<bool>,
343        /// Maximum execution time of wasm code before timing out (1, 2s, 100ms, etc)
344        pub timeout: Option<Duration>,
345        /// Configures support for all WebAssembly proposals implemented.
346        pub all_proposals: Option<bool>,
347        /// Configure support for the bulk memory proposal.
348        pub bulk_memory: Option<bool>,
349        /// Configure support for the multi-memory proposal.
350        pub multi_memory: Option<bool>,
351        /// Configure support for the multi-value proposal.
352        pub multi_value: Option<bool>,
353        /// Configure support for the reference-types proposal.
354        pub reference_types: Option<bool>,
355        /// Configure support for the simd proposal.
356        pub simd: Option<bool>,
357        /// Configure support for the relaxed-simd proposal.
358        pub relaxed_simd: Option<bool>,
359        /// Configure forcing deterministic and host-independent behavior of
360        /// the relaxed-simd instructions.
361        ///
362        /// By default these instructions may have architecture-specific behavior as
363        /// allowed by the specification, but this can be used to force the behavior
364        /// of these instructions to match the deterministic behavior classified in
365        /// the specification. Note that enabling this option may come at a
366        /// performance cost.
367        pub relaxed_simd_deterministic: Option<bool>,
368        /// Configure support for the tail-call proposal.
369        pub tail_call: Option<bool>,
370        /// Configure support for the threads proposal.
371        pub threads: Option<bool>,
372        /// Configure the ability to create a `shared` memory.
373        pub shared_memory: Option<bool>,
374        /// Configure support for the shared-everything-threads proposal.
375        pub shared_everything_threads: Option<bool>,
376        /// Configure support for the memory64 proposal.
377        pub memory64: Option<bool>,
378        /// Configure support for the component-model proposal.
379        pub component_model: Option<bool>,
380        /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering.
381        pub component_model_async: Option<bool>,
382        /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering: this corresponds
383        /// to the ๐Ÿš emoji in the component model specification.
384        pub component_model_async_builtins: Option<bool>,
385        /// Component model support for async lifting/lowering: this corresponds
386        /// to the ๐ŸšŸ emoji in the component model specification.
387        pub component_model_async_stackful: Option<bool>,
388        /// Component model support for threading: this corresponds
389        /// to the ๐Ÿงต emoji in the component model specification.
390        pub component_model_threading: Option<bool>,
391        /// Component model support for `error-context`: this corresponds
392        /// to the ๐Ÿ“ emoji in the component model specification.
393        pub component_model_error_context: Option<bool>,
394        /// GC support in the component model: this corresponds to the ๐Ÿ›ธ emoji
395        /// in the component model specification.
396        pub component_model_gc: Option<bool>,
397        /// Configure support for the function-references proposal.
398        pub function_references: Option<bool>,
399        /// Configure support for the stack-switching proposal.
400        pub stack_switching: Option<bool>,
401        /// Configure support for the GC proposal.
402        pub gc: Option<bool>,
403        /// Configure support for the custom-page-sizes proposal.
404        pub custom_page_sizes: Option<bool>,
405        /// Configure support for the wide-arithmetic proposal.
406        pub wide_arithmetic: Option<bool>,
407        /// Configure support for the extended-const proposal.
408        pub extended_const: Option<bool>,
409        /// Configure support for the exceptions proposal.
410        pub exceptions: Option<bool>,
411        /// Whether or not any GC infrastructure in Wasmtime is enabled or not.
412        pub gc_support: Option<bool>,
413    }
414
415    enum Wasm {
416        ...
417    }
418}
419
420wasmtime_option_group! {
421    #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Deserialize)]
422    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", deny_unknown_fields)]
423    pub struct WasiOptions {
424        /// Enable support for WASI CLI APIs, including filesystems, sockets, clocks, and random.
425        pub cli: Option<bool>,
426        /// Enable WASI APIs marked as: @unstable(feature = cli-exit-with-code)
427        pub cli_exit_with_code: Option<bool>,
428        /// Deprecated alias for `cli`
429        pub common: Option<bool>,
430        /// Enable support for WASI neural network imports (experimental)
431        pub nn: Option<bool>,
432        /// Enable support for WASI threading imports (experimental). Implies preview2=false.
433        pub threads: Option<bool>,
434        /// Enable support for WASI HTTP imports
435        pub http: Option<bool>,
436        /// Number of distinct write calls to the outgoing body's output-stream
437        /// that the implementation will buffer.
438        /// Default: 1.
439        pub http_outgoing_body_buffer_chunks: Option<usize>,
440        /// Maximum size allowed in a write call to the outgoing body's output-stream.
441        /// Default: 1024 * 1024.
442        pub http_outgoing_body_chunk_size: Option<usize>,
443        /// Enable support for WASI config imports (experimental)
444        pub config: Option<bool>,
445        /// Enable support for WASI key-value imports (experimental)
446        pub keyvalue: Option<bool>,
447        /// Inherit environment variables and file descriptors following the
448        /// systemd listen fd specification (UNIX only) (legacy wasip1
449        /// implementation only)
450        pub listenfd: Option<bool>,
451        /// Grant access to the given TCP listen socket (experimental, legacy
452        /// wasip1 implementation only)
453        #[serde(default)]
454        pub tcplisten: Vec<String>,
455        /// Enable support for WASI TLS (Transport Layer Security) imports (experimental)
456        pub tls: Option<bool>,
457        /// Implement WASI Preview1 using new Preview2 implementation (true, default) or legacy
458        /// implementation (false)
459        pub preview2: Option<bool>,
460        /// Pre-load machine learning graphs (i.e., models) for use by wasi-nn.
461        ///
462        /// Each use of the flag will preload a ML model from the host directory
463        /// using the given model encoding. The model will be mapped to the
464        /// directory name: e.g., `--wasi-nn-graph openvino:/foo/bar` will preload
465        /// an OpenVINO model named `bar`. Note that which model encodings are
466        /// available is dependent on the backends implemented in the
467        /// `wasmtime_wasi_nn` crate.
468        #[serde(skip)]
469        pub nn_graph: Vec<WasiNnGraph>,
470        /// Flag for WASI preview2 to inherit the host's network within the
471        /// guest so it has full access to all addresses/ports/etc.
472        pub inherit_network: Option<bool>,
473        /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets/ip-name-lookup` is enabled or not.
474        pub allow_ip_name_lookup: Option<bool>,
475        /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets` TCP support is enabled or not.
476        pub tcp: Option<bool>,
477        /// Indicates whether `wasi:sockets` UDP support is enabled or not.
478        pub udp: Option<bool>,
479        /// Enable WASI APIs marked as: @unstable(feature = network-error-code)
480        pub network_error_code: Option<bool>,
481        /// Allows imports from the `wasi_unstable` core wasm module.
482        pub preview0: Option<bool>,
483        /// Inherit all environment variables from the parent process.
484        ///
485        /// This option can be further overwritten with `--env` flags.
486        pub inherit_env: Option<bool>,
487        /// Pass a wasi config variable to the program.
488        #[serde(skip)]
489        pub config_var: Vec<KeyValuePair>,
490        /// Preset data for the In-Memory provider of WASI key-value API.
491        #[serde(skip)]
492        pub keyvalue_in_memory_data: Vec<KeyValuePair>,
493        /// Enable support for WASIp3 APIs.
494        pub p3: Option<bool>,
495    }
496
497    enum Wasi {
498        ...
499    }
500}
501
502#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
503pub struct WasiNnGraph {
504    pub format: String,
505    pub dir: String,
506}
507
508#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
509pub struct KeyValuePair {
510    pub key: String,
511    pub value: String,
512}
513
514/// Common options for commands that translate WebAssembly modules
515#[derive(Parser, Clone, Deserialize)]
516#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
517pub struct CommonOptions {
518    // These options groups are used to parse `-O` and such options but aren't
519    // the raw form consumed by the CLI. Instead they're pushed into the `pub`
520    // fields below as part of the `configure` method.
521    //
522    // Ideally clap would support `pub opts: OptimizeOptions` and parse directly
523    // into that but it does not appear to do so for multiple `-O` flags for
524    // now.
525    /// Optimization and tuning related options for wasm performance, `-O help` to
526    /// see all.
527    #[arg(short = 'O', long = "optimize", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
528    #[serde(skip)]
529    opts_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Optimize>>,
530
531    /// Codegen-related configuration options, `-C help` to see all.
532    #[arg(short = 'C', long = "codegen", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
533    #[serde(skip)]
534    codegen_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Codegen>>,
535
536    /// Debug-related configuration options, `-D help` to see all.
537    #[arg(short = 'D', long = "debug", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
538    #[serde(skip)]
539    debug_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Debug>>,
540
541    /// Options for configuring semantic execution of WebAssembly, `-W help` to see
542    /// all.
543    #[arg(short = 'W', long = "wasm", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
544    #[serde(skip)]
545    wasm_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Wasm>>,
546
547    /// Options for configuring WASI and its proposals, `-S help` to see all.
548    #[arg(short = 'S', long = "wasi", value_name = "KEY[=VAL[,..]]")]
549    #[serde(skip)]
550    wasi_raw: Vec<opt::CommaSeparated<Wasi>>,
551
552    // These fields are filled in by the `configure` method below via the
553    // options parsed from the CLI above. This is what the CLI should use.
554    #[arg(skip)]
555    #[serde(skip)]
556    configured: bool,
557
558    #[arg(skip)]
559    #[serde(rename = "optimize", default)]
560    pub opts: OptimizeOptions,
561
562    #[arg(skip)]
563    #[serde(rename = "codegen", default)]
564    pub codegen: CodegenOptions,
565
566    #[arg(skip)]
567    #[serde(rename = "debug", default)]
568    pub debug: DebugOptions,
569
570    #[arg(skip)]
571    #[serde(rename = "wasm", default)]
572    pub wasm: WasmOptions,
573
574    #[arg(skip)]
575    #[serde(rename = "wasi", default)]
576    pub wasi: WasiOptions,
577
578    /// The target triple; default is the host triple
579    #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET")]
580    #[serde(skip)]
581    pub target: Option<String>,
582
583    /// Use the specified TOML configuration file.
584    /// This TOML configuration file can provide same configuration options as the
585    /// `--optimize`, `--codgen`, `--debug`, `--wasm`, `--wasi` CLI options, with a couple exceptions.
586    ///
587    /// Additional options specified on the command line will take precedent over options loaded from
588    /// this TOML file.
589    #[arg(long = "config", value_name = "FILE")]
590    #[serde(skip)]
591    pub config: Option<PathBuf>,
592}
593
594macro_rules! match_feature {
595    (
596        [$feat:tt : $config:expr]
597        $val:ident => $e:expr,
598        $p:pat => err,
599    ) => {
600        #[cfg(feature = $feat)]
601        {
602            if let Some($val) = $config {
603                $e;
604            }
605        }
606        #[cfg(not(feature = $feat))]
607        {
608            if let Some($p) = $config {
609                anyhow::bail!(concat!("support for ", $feat, " disabled at compile time"));
610            }
611        }
612    };
613}
614
615impl CommonOptions {
616    /// Creates a blank new set of [`CommonOptions`] that can be configured.
617    pub fn new() -> CommonOptions {
618        CommonOptions {
619            opts_raw: Vec::new(),
620            codegen_raw: Vec::new(),
621            debug_raw: Vec::new(),
622            wasm_raw: Vec::new(),
623            wasi_raw: Vec::new(),
624            configured: true,
625            opts: Default::default(),
626            codegen: Default::default(),
627            debug: Default::default(),
628            wasm: Default::default(),
629            wasi: Default::default(),
630            target: None,
631            config: None,
632        }
633    }
634
635    fn configure(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
636        if self.configured {
637            return Ok(());
638        }
639        self.configured = true;
640        if let Some(toml_config_path) = &self.config {
641            let toml_options = CommonOptions::from_file(toml_config_path)?;
642            self.opts = toml_options.opts;
643            self.codegen = toml_options.codegen;
644            self.debug = toml_options.debug;
645            self.wasm = toml_options.wasm;
646            self.wasi = toml_options.wasi;
647        }
648        self.opts.configure_with(&self.opts_raw);
649        self.codegen.configure_with(&self.codegen_raw);
650        self.debug.configure_with(&self.debug_raw);
651        self.wasm.configure_with(&self.wasm_raw);
652        self.wasi.configure_with(&self.wasi_raw);
653        Ok(())
654    }
655
656    pub fn init_logging(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
657        self.configure()?;
658        if self.debug.logging == Some(false) {
659            return Ok(());
660        }
661        #[cfg(feature = "logging")]
662        if self.debug.log_to_files == Some(true) {
663            let prefix = "wasmtime.dbg.";
664            init_file_per_thread_logger(prefix);
665        } else {
666            use std::io::IsTerminal;
667            use tracing_subscriber::{EnvFilter, FmtSubscriber};
668            let builder = FmtSubscriber::builder()
669                .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
670                .with_env_filter(EnvFilter::from_env("WASMTIME_LOG"))
671                .with_ansi(std::io::stderr().is_terminal());
672            if std::env::var("WASMTIME_LOG_NO_CONTEXT").is_ok_and(|value| value.eq("1")) {
673                builder
674                    .with_level(false)
675                    .with_target(false)
676                    .without_time()
677                    .init()
678            } else {
679                builder.init();
680            }
681        }
682        #[cfg(not(feature = "logging"))]
683        if self.debug.log_to_files == Some(true) || self.debug.logging == Some(true) {
684            anyhow::bail!("support for logging disabled at compile time");
685        }
686        Ok(())
687    }
688
689    pub fn config(&mut self, pooling_allocator_default: Option<bool>) -> Result<Config> {
690        self.configure()?;
691        let mut config = Config::new();
692
693        match_feature! {
694            ["cranelift" : self.codegen.compiler]
695            strategy => config.strategy(strategy),
696            _ => err,
697        }
698        match_feature! {
699            ["gc" : self.codegen.collector]
700            collector => config.collector(collector),
701            _ => err,
702        }
703        if let Some(target) = &self.target {
704            config.target(target)?;
705        }
706        match_feature! {
707            ["cranelift" : self.codegen.cranelift_debug_verifier]
708            enable => config.cranelift_debug_verifier(enable),
709            true => err,
710        }
711        if let Some(enable) = self.debug.debug_info {
712            config.debug_info(enable);
713        }
714        match_feature! {
715            ["debug" : self.debug.guest_debug]
716            enable => config.guest_debug(enable),
717            _ => err,
718        }
719        if self.debug.coredump.is_some() {
720            #[cfg(feature = "coredump")]
721            config.coredump_on_trap(true);
722            #[cfg(not(feature = "coredump"))]
723            anyhow::bail!("support for coredumps disabled at compile time");
724        }
725        match_feature! {
726            ["cranelift" : self.opts.opt_level]
727            level => config.cranelift_opt_level(level),
728            _ => err,
729        }
730        match_feature! {
731            ["cranelift": self.opts.regalloc_algorithm]
732            algo => config.cranelift_regalloc_algorithm(algo),
733            _ => err,
734        }
735        match_feature! {
736            ["cranelift" : self.wasm.nan_canonicalization]
737            enable => config.cranelift_nan_canonicalization(enable),
738            true => err,
739        }
740        match_feature! {
741            ["cranelift" : self.codegen.pcc]
742            enable => config.cranelift_pcc(enable),
743            true => err,
744        }
745
746        self.enable_wasm_features(&mut config)?;
747
748        #[cfg(feature = "cranelift")]
749        for (name, value) in self.codegen.cranelift.iter() {
750            let name = name.replace('-', "_");
751            unsafe {
752                match value {
753                    Some(val) => {
754                        config.cranelift_flag_set(&name, val);
755                    }
756                    None => {
757                        config.cranelift_flag_enable(&name);
758                    }
759                }
760            }
761        }
762        #[cfg(not(feature = "cranelift"))]
763        if !self.codegen.cranelift.is_empty() {
764            anyhow::bail!("support for cranelift disabled at compile time");
765        }
766
767        #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
768        if self.codegen.cache != Some(false) {
769            use wasmtime::Cache;
770            let cache = match &self.codegen.cache_config {
771                Some(path) => Cache::from_file(Some(Path::new(path)))?,
772                None => Cache::from_file(None)?,
773            };
774            config.cache(Some(cache));
775        }
776        #[cfg(not(feature = "cache"))]
777        if self.codegen.cache == Some(true) {
778            anyhow::bail!("support for caching disabled at compile time");
779        }
780
781        match_feature! {
782            ["parallel-compilation" : self.codegen.parallel_compilation]
783            enable => config.parallel_compilation(enable),
784            true => err,
785        }
786
787        let memory_reservation = self
788            .opts
789            .memory_reservation
790            .or(self.opts.static_memory_maximum_size);
791        if let Some(size) = memory_reservation {
792            config.memory_reservation(size);
793        }
794
795        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.static_memory_forced {
796            config.memory_may_move(!enable);
797        }
798        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.memory_may_move {
799            config.memory_may_move(enable);
800        }
801
802        let memory_guard_size = self
803            .opts
804            .static_memory_guard_size
805            .or(self.opts.dynamic_memory_guard_size)
806            .or(self.opts.memory_guard_size);
807        if let Some(size) = memory_guard_size {
808            config.memory_guard_size(size);
809        }
810
811        let mem_for_growth = self
812            .opts
813            .memory_reservation_for_growth
814            .or(self.opts.dynamic_memory_reserved_for_growth);
815        if let Some(size) = mem_for_growth {
816            config.memory_reservation_for_growth(size);
817        }
818        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.guard_before_linear_memory {
819            config.guard_before_linear_memory(enable);
820        }
821        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.table_lazy_init {
822            config.table_lazy_init(enable);
823        }
824
825        // If fuel has been configured, set the `consume fuel` flag on the config.
826        if self.wasm.fuel.is_some() {
827            config.consume_fuel(true);
828        }
829
830        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.epoch_interruption {
831            config.epoch_interruption(enable);
832        }
833        if let Some(enable) = self.debug.address_map {
834            config.generate_address_map(enable);
835        }
836        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.memory_init_cow {
837            config.memory_init_cow(enable);
838        }
839        if let Some(size) = self.opts.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size {
840            config.memory_guaranteed_dense_image_size(size);
841        }
842        if let Some(enable) = self.opts.signals_based_traps {
843            config.signals_based_traps(enable);
844        }
845        if let Some(enable) = self.codegen.native_unwind_info {
846            config.native_unwind_info(enable);
847        }
848        if let Some(enable) = self.codegen.inlining {
849            config.compiler_inlining(enable);
850        }
851
852        // async_stack_size enabled by either async or stack-switching, so
853        // cannot directly use match_feature!
854        #[cfg(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching"))]
855        {
856            if let Some(size) = self.wasm.async_stack_size {
857                config.async_stack_size(size);
858            }
859        }
860        #[cfg(not(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching")))]
861        {
862            if let Some(_size) = self.wasm.async_stack_size {
863                anyhow::bail!(concat!(
864                    "support for async/stack-switching disabled at compile time"
865                ));
866            }
867        }
868
869        match_feature! {
870            ["pooling-allocator" : self.opts.pooling_allocator.or(pooling_allocator_default)]
871            enable => {
872                if enable {
873                    let mut cfg = wasmtime::PoolingAllocationConfig::default();
874                    if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_memory_keep_resident {
875                        cfg.linear_memory_keep_resident(size);
876                    }
877                    if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_table_keep_resident {
878                        cfg.table_keep_resident(size);
879                    }
880                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_core_instances {
881                        cfg.total_core_instances(limit);
882                    }
883                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_component_instances {
884                        cfg.total_component_instances(limit);
885                    }
886                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_memories {
887                        cfg.total_memories(limit);
888                    }
889                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_total_tables {
890                        cfg.total_tables(limit);
891                    }
892                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_table_elements
893                        .or(self.wasm.max_table_elements)
894                    {
895                        cfg.table_elements(limit);
896                    }
897                    if let Some(limit) = self.opts.pooling_max_core_instance_size {
898                        cfg.max_core_instance_size(limit);
899                    }
900                    match_feature! {
901                        ["async" : self.opts.pooling_total_stacks]
902                        limit => cfg.total_stacks(limit),
903                        _ => err,
904                    }
905                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memory_size
906                        .or(self.wasm.max_memory_size)
907                    {
908                        cfg.max_memory_size(max);
909                    }
910                    if let Some(size) = self.opts.pooling_decommit_batch_size {
911                        cfg.decommit_batch_size(size);
912                    }
913                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_unused_warm_slots {
914                        cfg.max_unused_warm_slots(max);
915                    }
916                    match_feature! {
917                        ["async" : self.opts.pooling_async_stack_keep_resident]
918                        size => cfg.async_stack_keep_resident(size),
919                        _ => err,
920                    }
921                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_component_instance_size {
922                        cfg.max_component_instance_size(max);
923                    }
924                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_core_instances_per_component {
925                        cfg.max_core_instances_per_component(max);
926                    }
927                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memories_per_component {
928                        cfg.max_memories_per_component(max);
929                    }
930                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_tables_per_component {
931                        cfg.max_tables_per_component(max);
932                    }
933                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_tables_per_module {
934                        cfg.max_tables_per_module(max);
935                    }
936                    if let Some(max) = self.opts.pooling_max_memories_per_module {
937                        cfg.max_memories_per_module(max);
938                    }
939                    match_feature! {
940                        ["memory-protection-keys" : self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys]
941                        enable => cfg.memory_protection_keys(enable),
942                        _ => err,
943                    }
944                    match_feature! {
945                        ["memory-protection-keys" : self.opts.pooling_max_memory_protection_keys]
946                        max => cfg.max_memory_protection_keys(max),
947                        _ => err,
948                    }
949                    match_feature! {
950                        ["gc" : self.opts.pooling_total_gc_heaps]
951                        max => cfg.total_gc_heaps(max),
952                        _ => err,
953                    }
954                    if let Some(enabled) = self.opts.pooling_pagemap_scan {
955                        cfg.pagemap_scan(enabled);
956                    }
957                    config.allocation_strategy(wasmtime::InstanceAllocationStrategy::Pooling(cfg));
958                }
959            },
960            true => err,
961        }
962
963        if self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
964            && !self.opts.pooling_allocator.unwrap_or(false)
965        {
966            anyhow::bail!("memory protection keys require the pooling allocator");
967        }
968
969        if self.opts.pooling_max_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
970            && !self.opts.pooling_memory_protection_keys.is_some()
971        {
972            anyhow::bail!(
973                "max memory protection keys requires memory protection keys to be enabled"
974            );
975        }
976
977        match_feature! {
978            ["async" : self.wasm.async_stack_zeroing]
979            enable => config.async_stack_zeroing(enable),
980            _ => err,
981        }
982
983        if let Some(max) = self.wasm.max_wasm_stack {
984            config.max_wasm_stack(max);
985
986            // If `-Wasync-stack-size` isn't passed then automatically adjust it
987            // to the wasm stack size provided here too. That prevents the need
988            // to pass both when one can generally be inferred from the other.
989            #[cfg(any(feature = "async", feature = "stack-switching"))]
990            if self.wasm.async_stack_size.is_none() {
991                const DEFAULT_HOST_STACK: usize = 512 << 10;
992                config.async_stack_size(max + DEFAULT_HOST_STACK);
993            }
994        }
995
996        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.relaxed_simd_deterministic {
997            config.relaxed_simd_deterministic(enable);
998        }
999        match_feature! {
1000            ["cranelift" : self.wasm.wmemcheck]
1001            enable => config.wmemcheck(enable),
1002            true => err,
1003        }
1004
1005        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.gc_support {
1006            config.gc_support(enable);
1007        }
1008
1009        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.shared_memory {
1010            config.shared_memory(enable);
1011        }
1012
1013        Ok(config)
1014    }
1015
1016    pub fn enable_wasm_features(&self, config: &mut Config) -> Result<()> {
1017        let all = self.wasm.all_proposals;
1018
1019        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.simd.or(all) {
1020            config.wasm_simd(enable);
1021        }
1022        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.relaxed_simd.or(all) {
1023            config.wasm_relaxed_simd(enable);
1024        }
1025        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.bulk_memory.or(all) {
1026            config.wasm_bulk_memory(enable);
1027        }
1028        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.multi_value.or(all) {
1029            config.wasm_multi_value(enable);
1030        }
1031        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.tail_call.or(all) {
1032            config.wasm_tail_call(enable);
1033        }
1034        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.multi_memory.or(all) {
1035            config.wasm_multi_memory(enable);
1036        }
1037        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.memory64.or(all) {
1038            config.wasm_memory64(enable);
1039        }
1040        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.stack_switching {
1041            config.wasm_stack_switching(enable);
1042        }
1043        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.custom_page_sizes.or(all) {
1044            config.wasm_custom_page_sizes(enable);
1045        }
1046        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.wide_arithmetic.or(all) {
1047            config.wasm_wide_arithmetic(enable);
1048        }
1049        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.extended_const.or(all) {
1050            config.wasm_extended_const(enable);
1051        }
1052
1053        macro_rules! handle_conditionally_compiled {
1054            ($(($feature:tt, $field:tt, $method:tt))*) => ($(
1055                if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.$field.or(all) {
1056                    #[cfg(feature = $feature)]
1057                    config.$method(enable);
1058                    #[cfg(not(feature = $feature))]
1059                    if enable && all.is_none() {
1060                        anyhow::bail!("support for {} was disabled at compile-time", $feature);
1061                    }
1062                }
1063            )*)
1064        }
1065
1066        handle_conditionally_compiled! {
1067            ("component-model", component_model, wasm_component_model)
1068            ("component-model-async", component_model_async, wasm_component_model_async)
1069            ("component-model-async", component_model_async_builtins, wasm_component_model_async_builtins)
1070            ("component-model-async", component_model_async_stackful, wasm_component_model_async_stackful)
1071            ("component-model-async", component_model_threading, wasm_component_model_threading)
1072            ("component-model", component_model_error_context, wasm_component_model_error_context)
1073            ("threads", threads, wasm_threads)
1074            ("gc", gc, wasm_gc)
1075            ("gc", reference_types, wasm_reference_types)
1076            ("gc", function_references, wasm_function_references)
1077            ("gc", exceptions, wasm_exceptions)
1078            ("stack-switching", stack_switching, wasm_stack_switching)
1079        }
1080
1081        if let Some(enable) = self.wasm.component_model_gc {
1082            #[cfg(all(feature = "component-model", feature = "gc"))]
1083            config.wasm_component_model_gc(enable);
1084            #[cfg(not(all(feature = "component-model", feature = "gc")))]
1085            if enable && all.is_none() {
1086                anyhow::bail!("support for `component-model-gc` was disabled at compile time")
1087            }
1088        }
1089
1090        Ok(())
1091    }
1092
1093    pub fn from_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Self> {
1094        let path_ref = path.as_ref();
1095        let file_contents = fs::read_to_string(path_ref)
1096            .with_context(|| format!("failed to read config file: {path_ref:?}"))?;
1097        toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&file_contents)
1098            .with_context(|| format!("failed to parse TOML config file {path_ref:?}"))
1099    }
1100}
1101
1102#[cfg(test)]
1103mod tests {
1104    use wasmtime::{OptLevel, RegallocAlgorithm};
1105
1106    use super::*;
1107
1108    #[test]
1109    fn from_toml() {
1110        // empty toml
1111        let empty_toml = "";
1112        let mut common_options: CommonOptions = toml::from_str(empty_toml).unwrap();
1113        common_options.config(None).unwrap();
1114
1115        // basic toml
1116        let basic_toml = r#"
1117            [optimize]
1118            [codegen]
1119            [debug]
1120            [wasm]
1121            [wasi]
1122        "#;
1123        let mut common_options: CommonOptions = toml::from_str(basic_toml).unwrap();
1124        common_options.config(None).unwrap();
1125
1126        // toml with custom deserialization to match CLI flag parsing
1127        for (opt_value, expected) in [
1128            ("0", Some(OptLevel::None)),
1129            ("1", Some(OptLevel::Speed)),
1130            ("2", Some(OptLevel::Speed)),
1131            ("\"s\"", Some(OptLevel::SpeedAndSize)),
1132            ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1133            ("3", None),         // should fail
1134        ] {
1135            let toml = format!(
1136                r#"
1137                    [optimize]
1138                    opt-level = {opt_value}
1139                "#,
1140            );
1141            let parsed_opt_level = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1142                .ok()
1143                .and_then(|common_options| common_options.opts.opt_level);
1144
1145            assert_eq!(
1146                parsed_opt_level, expected,
1147                "Mismatch for input '{opt_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_opt_level:?}, Expected: {expected:?}"
1148            );
1149        }
1150
1151        // Regalloc algorithm
1152        for (regalloc_value, expected) in [
1153            ("\"backtracking\"", Some(RegallocAlgorithm::Backtracking)),
1154            ("\"single-pass\"", Some(RegallocAlgorithm::SinglePass)),
1155            ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1156            ("3", None),         // should fail
1157            ("true", None),      // should fail
1158        ] {
1159            let toml = format!(
1160                r#"
1161                    [optimize]
1162                    regalloc-algorithm = {regalloc_value}
1163                "#,
1164            );
1165            let parsed_regalloc_algorithm = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1166                .ok()
1167                .and_then(|common_options| common_options.opts.regalloc_algorithm);
1168            assert_eq!(
1169                parsed_regalloc_algorithm, expected,
1170                "Mismatch for input '{regalloc_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_regalloc_algorithm:?}, Expected: {expected:?}"
1171            );
1172        }
1173
1174        // Strategy
1175        for (strategy_value, expected) in [
1176            ("\"cranelift\"", Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Cranelift)),
1177            ("\"winch\"", Some(wasmtime::Strategy::Winch)),
1178            ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1179            ("5", None),         // should fail
1180            ("true", None),      // should fail
1181        ] {
1182            let toml = format!(
1183                r#"
1184                    [codegen]
1185                    compiler = {strategy_value}
1186                "#,
1187            );
1188            let parsed_strategy = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1189                .ok()
1190                .and_then(|common_options| common_options.codegen.compiler);
1191            assert_eq!(
1192                parsed_strategy, expected,
1193                "Mismatch for input '{strategy_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_strategy:?}, Expected: {expected:?}",
1194            );
1195        }
1196
1197        // Collector
1198        for (collector_value, expected) in [
1199            (
1200                "\"drc\"",
1201                Some(wasmtime::Collector::DeferredReferenceCounting),
1202            ),
1203            ("\"null\"", Some(wasmtime::Collector::Null)),
1204            ("\"hello\"", None), // should fail
1205            ("5", None),         // should fail
1206            ("true", None),      // should fail
1207        ] {
1208            let toml = format!(
1209                r#"
1210                    [codegen]
1211                    collector = {collector_value}
1212                "#,
1213            );
1214            let parsed_collector = toml::from_str::<CommonOptions>(&toml)
1215                .ok()
1216                .and_then(|common_options| common_options.codegen.collector);
1217            assert_eq!(
1218                parsed_collector, expected,
1219                "Mismatch for input '{collector_value}'. Parsed: {parsed_collector:?}, Expected: {expected:?}",
1220            );
1221        }
1222    }
1223}
1224
1225impl Default for CommonOptions {
1226    fn default() -> CommonOptions {
1227        CommonOptions::new()
1228    }
1229}
1230
1231impl fmt::Display for CommonOptions {
1232    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
1233        let CommonOptions {
1234            codegen_raw,
1235            codegen,
1236            debug_raw,
1237            debug,
1238            opts_raw,
1239            opts,
1240            wasm_raw,
1241            wasm,
1242            wasi_raw,
1243            wasi,
1244            configured,
1245            target,
1246            config,
1247        } = self;
1248        if let Some(target) = target {
1249            write!(f, "--target {target} ")?;
1250        }
1251        if let Some(config) = config {
1252            write!(f, "--config {} ", config.display())?;
1253        }
1254
1255        let codegen_flags;
1256        let opts_flags;
1257        let wasi_flags;
1258        let wasm_flags;
1259        let debug_flags;
1260
1261        if *configured {
1262            codegen_flags = codegen.to_options();
1263            debug_flags = debug.to_options();
1264            wasi_flags = wasi.to_options();
1265            wasm_flags = wasm.to_options();
1266            opts_flags = opts.to_options();
1267        } else {
1268            codegen_flags = codegen_raw
1269                .iter()
1270                .flat_map(|t| t.0.iter())
1271                .cloned()
1272                .collect();
1273            debug_flags = debug_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1274            wasi_flags = wasi_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1275            wasm_flags = wasm_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1276            opts_flags = opts_raw.iter().flat_map(|t| t.0.iter()).cloned().collect();
1277        }
1278
1279        for flag in codegen_flags {
1280            write!(f, "-C{flag} ")?;
1281        }
1282        for flag in opts_flags {
1283            write!(f, "-O{flag} ")?;
1284        }
1285        for flag in wasi_flags {
1286            write!(f, "-S{flag} ")?;
1287        }
1288        for flag in wasm_flags {
1289            write!(f, "-W{flag} ")?;
1290        }
1291        for flag in debug_flags {
1292            write!(f, "-D{flag} ")?;
1293        }
1294
1295        Ok(())
1296    }
1297}